What Are The Key Differences Between Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis?

The two primary forms of dialysis that are conducted on patients with kidney failure include Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis. Hemodialysis, which is also known as renal dialysis, requires an artificial kidney machine, as the blood is pumped out of the body to an artificial kidney, and returned to the body cleansed (dialyzed) by tubes that connect the body to the machine, while peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneal lining of the body as a filter. Hemodialysis requires dialysis access surgery which is often plagued with infections and other functional problems that are not common with peritoneal dialysis access surgery.  The primary benefit of Peritoneal Dialysis over Hemodialysis is that it allows a continuous system of filtration and does not cause disruption to your everyday activities. The advantage of peritoneal dialysis is that it offers you increased freedom and minimizes lifestyle interruptions. You can do it in any clean, private place, including at home, at work, or when traveling and frequently, while you are sleeping.

How is The Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placed?

The peritoneal dialysis catheter is placed in the body through a minimally invasive surgical procedure. The surgery is considered minor and does not require you to be admitted to the hospital. It is usually conducted in an outpatient setup under general anesthesia taking less than an hour.

The surgeon uses a fine needle to make numerous punctures to reach the peritoneum. Once the peritoneum is successfully accessed, they pass the peritoneal dialysis catheter by creating a tunnel from your abdomen to the peritoneum. The catheter is then secured in place. The peritoneal dialysis catheter that may be used during this procedure is usually made of a soft material like silicone. The catheter is also designed to have several cuffs along its surface to keep it from moving from its site and prevent the bacteria from entering the entry and exit points. Once it is secured in place, the body starts to recover and fill up the empty spaces on the entry and exit points with new tissue growth.  

What is The Recovery For Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement Like?

After the peritoneal dialysis catheter placement, you may experience mild degrees of pain and discomfort. You may also experience fatigue and loss of appetite temporarily. If you experience any of these symptoms, there is no need to worry, as they are temporary and usually resolve on their own in a few days. The doctor will advise you to keep the dressing placed over the surgical site to be dry at all times. You may be asked not to shower and expose yourself to any water source until approved by the physician You will also be required to keep the surgical entry and exit points covered at all times, as exposure can lead to an increased risk of infection and complications. Once the healing is completed, the doctor will remove the dressing at the next appointment. If there is any swelling, redness, or discharge from the treatment site, should contact your surgeon as this may be a sign of infection requiring immediate treatment. You may also contact your surgeon regarding any questions you may have about your aftercare, to ensure safe and healthy healing of the surgical site.